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                <text>The North American Beaver (Castor canadensis) is a keystone species that creates wetland habitats through dam construction, dramatically altering local hydrology and ecosystem composition. At the Vassar College Preserve, beaver activity has created a classic human-wildlife conflict scenario where ecosystem modification intersects with human infrastructure needs. Beavers construct dams and lodges as protection from predators, using trees typically within 50-100 feet of shorelines, sometimes digging underground to access more timber. This report examines my involvement in developing a management strategy that acknowledges both the ecological value of beaver activity and the practical needs of Preserve management.</text>
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                <text>Balance in ecosystems is both crucial and fragile. When one species experiences population flux, others change in response. Often, dramatic population change can lead to permanent alteration of ecosystems. Human activity is a major driving force in these changes. Infrastructure, chemical use, and other practices can decrease certain populations, which leads to subsequent disruption in other species. In Poughkeepsie, the Canada goose is one such species that is currently overpopulated, possibly due to endangerment of predator groups. They have a resident population in many of Vassar College’s water bodies. Because of their unprecedented eco-systemic prevalence, the geese put the rest of these water bodies’ balance under stress; when a large group of geese settles in one region, their fecal matter can be especially dangerous for the nutrient levels of that region’s water. High nutrient contamination can cause harmful algal blooms that block out sunlight and decrease dissolved oxygen content. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the high Canada goose population impacts nutrient levels, organic matter content, and overall water quality of Vassar College’s ponds and lakes.</text>
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                <text>We studied two areas of stormwater institutes: a rain garden and a bioretention area, as well as two grass lawns. Through exploring these two environmental types, we attempted to explore if the green stormwater infrastructure is achieving its goal of promoting plant biodiversity. We also explored if Vassar College’s campus follows the trend of having species-poor grass lawns, especially when compared to areas curated with the intention of being species-rich.</text>
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